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Chris Ault
cault@qnx.com |
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Total cost of ownership Linux vs. QNX - Part3
The Linux OS provides for open access to its source code. This has led some to choose Linux as a viable development platform, on the perceived basis that its cost is less than commercial alternatives. To examine this, we present a three-part whitepaper series that closely examines the total cost of ownership of Linux and how that compares to a commercial off-the-shelf realtime operating system like QNX. In Part 3 we examine the challenges of certifying a Linux-based system.
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February 2016
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Chris Ault
cault@qnx.com |
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Total cost of ownership Linux vs. QNX - Part 2
The Linux OS provides for open access to its source code. This has led some to choose Linux as a viable development platform, on the perceived basis that its cost is less than commercial alternatives. To examine this, we present a three-part whitepaper series that closely examines the total cost of ownership of Linux and how that compares to a commercial off-the-shelf realtime operating system like QNX. In Part 2 we examine the costs of maintaining Linux.
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February 2016
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Chris Ault
cault@qnx.com |
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Total cost of ownership Linux vs. QNX - Part1
The Linux OS provides for open access to its source code. This has led some to choose Linux as a viable development platform, on the perceived basis that its cost is less than commercial alternatives.
To examine this, we present a three-part whitepaper series that closely examines the total cost of ownership of Linux and how that compares to a commercial off-the-shelf realtime operating system like QNX.
In Part 1 we examine upfront costs, selecting the right version, and time to market.
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January 2016
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Chris Hobbs
chobbs@qnx.com
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The Dangers of Over-Engineering a Safe System
Attempts to increase dependability of a specific component without considering the question of overall system dependability may lead to the introduction of new problems. We examine the effect on dependability of adding software error detection to a 2oo2 system, consider the benefits and adverse consequences of this addition, and suggest other approaches to improving dependability.
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April 2013
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Yi Zheng
yzheng@qnx.com
Chris Hobbs
chobbs@qnx.com
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Ten Truths about Building Safe Embedded Software Systems
Obtaining safety certifications and approvals for safety-related systems and the larger systems, devices, components, machinery, and vehicles in which they reside is an arduous and costly undertaking. If the projects developing these systems are to be successful, manufacturers must look beyond the strictly technical challenges, and focus also on the environment and culture needed to develop safe software systems.
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December 2012
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Chris Ault
cault@qnx.com
Mark Pitchford
mark.pitchford@ldra.com
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Using Dynamic Software Analysis to Support Medical Device Approval
Two key challenges facing medical device software manufacurer are a) demonstrating safety and b) obtaining approval by regulatory agencies. In this paper we look at how dynamic code analysis can support demonstrations of compliance with safety requirements, and key capabilities to look for in dynamic analysis tools. We conclude with tables mapping development activities with requirements in the IEC 62304 standard, and a short description of important OS characteristics.
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November 2012
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Chris Hobbs
chobbs@qnx.com
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Which OS for IEC 62304 Medical Systems?
This paper is for anyone who must select an OS for a safety-critical medical system. It provides information to help with estimates of the real cost of choosing a Linux or QNX OS. It lists requirements identified by standards such as IEC 62304, ISO 14971 and IEC 61508, and offers comparative estimates of the effort required to meet these requirements. These estimates are for initial certification and pre-approval, subsequent re-certifications following OS upgrades, and ongoing costs.
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August 2012
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Chris Hobbs
chobbs@qnx.com
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Clear SOUP and COTS Software for Medical Device Development
Medical device manufacturers may be reluctant to use COTS (commercial-off-the-shelf) because it implies SOUP (software of uncertain provenance), and thus may compromise device safety and pre-market approval by regulatory agencies. If we make the distinction between opaque SOUP and clear SOUP, that is, SOUP for which source code, fault histories and long in-use histories are available, we will find that COTS software may be the optimal choice for many safety-related medical devices.
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September 2011
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Rick Pitz
sales@certicom.comYi Zheng
yzheng@qnx.com |
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Meeting Security Certification Requirements with Certicom and QNX
To reduce the complexity and costs of its expanding networking and security needs, the U.S. federal government has published Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 140-2 Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules. In this paper we describe how the QNX Neutrino RTOS and the Certicom Security Builder Government Security Edition (GSE) cryptographic library can help ease the burden of building and delivering FIPS 140-2 compliant software.
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July 2011
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Justin Moon
jmoon@qnx.com Somu Vadali
svadali@qnx.com |
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Choosing an RTOS for Remote-care Medical Devices
Three trends are driving a dramatic increase in the number and diversity of remote-care medical devices entering the market: aging populations in industrialized countries, pressures to reduce health care costs, and a new focus on primary and secondary care. This paper is about choosing an embedded OS for remote-care medical devices. It provides a high-level “shopping list” of requirements that device manufacturers can use to evaluate OSs they are considering.
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April 2011
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Chris Hobbs
chobbs@qnx.com
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Building Functional Safety into Complex Software Systems, Part II
Proofs that software systems meet standards for functional safety have depended on exhaustive testing. This method is inadequate for today’s multi-threaded systems, whose complexity precludes their being treated as deterministic systems in practice.In Part II of this whitepaper series, we propose how a combination of procedural rigor, statistical testing, and design verification can be used to increase confidence in the functional safety of complex software systems.
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March 2011
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Chris Hobbs
chobbs@qnx.com
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Building Functional Safety into Complex Software Systems, Part I
Proofs that software systems meet standards for functional safety have depended on exhaustive testing. This method is inadequate for today’s multi-threaded systems, whose complexity precludes their being treated as deterministic systems in practice.In Part I of this whitepaper series we discuss the limits of testing of complex software systems, and some factors that should be weighed when deciding how to build complex software systems that must meet functional safety standards.
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January 2011
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Shree Paranjpe
sparanjpe@qnx.com
Scott Pennock
spennock@qnx.com
Phil Hetherington
phetherington@qnx.com |
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Acoustic Echo Cancellation for Wideband Audio
Speech processing is transitioning to wider bandwidths. Benefits include increased intelligibility and comprehension, and a better communication experience. High quality, full-duplex Acoustic Echo Cancellation is an integral component of a hands-free speakerphone system. The challenge is to develop a robust Acoustic Echo Canceller that processes full-band audio signals while maintaining low computational complexity and reasonable memory consumption for an affordable telepresence experience.
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December 2010
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Kerry Johnson
kjohnson@qnx.com |
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Software Optimization Techniques for Multi-Core Processors
This paper provides examples of multicore optimization techniques and discusses how developers can use visualization tools to characterize multicore behavior and measure performance improvements. The paper explores how developers can use threading models to create multiple concurrent tasks and parallel processing; it also discusses how to minimize lock contention by using mutexes to engineer the optimal level of lock granularity.
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February 2008
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Other whitepaper topics:
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Recent,
Automotive,
German Whitepapers,
HMI + Graphics,
Industrial,
Medical,
Multimedia + Acoustics,
Networking,
Operating Systems,
Security + Defense,
Safe Systems,
Tools
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